Why don't we all have custom-made cars and clothes? A good reason is because it would be incredibly expensive. So, why hasn't the industry been more successful in applying that lesson to capital projects? In fact, many organizations have attempted to build duplicate plants, striving to achieve significant cost and schedule savings by building from existing drawings. But, for many reasons, it never seems to work. If we just tweak this process variable, we'll better match some feedstock variable; the equipment we bought four years ago has been upgraded and the vendor data has changed; the client has upgraded its specifications and standards and they "must" be applied; if we widen the pipe rack
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