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Catalysts

Reverse refining: A novel approach to the refining process

Heatoil Solutions LLC: Echenagucia, J. E.

The crude oil refining processing sequence is based on the separation of distillate products from heavier ones and concentrating the heavy molecules of the barrel for processing at the end of the refining run.

Analyze pressure loss during FCC standpipe catalyst transfer

PetroChina Karamay Petrochemical Co.: Wei, P.  |  Hongwei, Q.
China University of Petroleum: Yansheng, L.

The fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is the primary conversion equipment for modern refineries to obtain clean transportation fuels, along with high-grade petrochemical feedstock.

Maximize refinery profitability with novel RFCC technologies

KazMunaiGas (KMG) Atyrau Refinery: Danbay, S.  |  Suleimenov, E.  |  Shoshanbasov, A.  |  Smarkin, O.  |  Makeev, D.
Grace GmbH: Popov, A.  |  González, R.  |  Jegorov, V.

The Atyrau Oil Refinery (AOR), the oldest refinery in Kazakhstan, was built in 1945.

Ethylbenzene plant debottleneck with a high-activity transalkylation catalyst

Tianjin Dagu Chemical Co., Ltd.: Liu, G.
ExxonMobil Chemical Co.: Sundararaman, R.
ExxonMobil Catalysts and Licensing: Cao, J.

Modern commercial ethylbenzene (EB) plants use liquid-phase alkylation processes with zeolite catalysts to achieve high product yields.

Separating from the competition: Recovering profits after the pandemic

General Atomics: Christianson, J.  |  Scalco, V.

As recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic begins, so will a return to normal life.

Stability evaluation of hot spots in the RDS process reactor

SK Energy: Lee, S.  |  Bae, S. H.  |  Lee, D. S.

During the end-of-run (EOR) period of the authors’ company’s residue hydrodesulfurization (RDS) process in early February 2019, some hot spots occurred in the catalysts of the reactors.

Show Preview: IRPC Process Technology

Hydrocarbon Processing Staff: Nichols, Lee

IRPC Process Technology: The latest advancements in process technologies

Understanding HCN in FCC: Formation, effects and mitigating options

BASF: Riva, S.
Chalcat Consulting: Challis, S.

In these challenging times, fluidized catalytic cracking units (FCCUs) aim to improve margins by processing poorer- or different-quality feeds, while maintaining good yield performance.

Meeting the Tier 3 challenge with ultra-clean alkylate

Exelus, Inc.: Mukherjee, M.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced Tier 3 gasoline sulfur standards in 2017, requiring all U.S. gasoline producers to adhere to an annual 10-ppm average sulfur limit.

FCC NOx reduction methods: Complying with regulations without capital investment

Placid Refining Co.: Hobbins, P.
Johnson Matthey: Blair, H.  |  Hochheiser, T.

As fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) emissions regulations become increasingly strict, refiners are driven to find the most economic compliance option.