Sulfur

Determining the indeterminate

Chaudhuri, D., Fluor Daniel India Pvt. Ltd.; Van de Ruit, H., Fluor

Standards such as API, ASME and NFPA are applied widely in the refining industry.

Design considerations when flaring ethylene oxide

Suares, D. A. G., Gas Processing Consultant

The flaring of gases released from normal process vents and safety valve discharges following an overpressure scenario is widely practiced in refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants.

A solution to the IMO 2020 MARPOL Annex VI requirement

Klussmann, B., Rigby Refining LLC

On January 1, 2020, a new requirement limiting the sulfur content of marine fuel to a maximum of 0.5 wt% went into effect.

Meeting the Tier 3 challenge with ultra-clean alkylate

Griffiths, E., KBR; Mukherjee, M., Exelus, Inc.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced Tier 3 gasoline sulfur standards in 2017, requiring all U.S. gasoline producers to adhere to an annual 10-ppm average sulfur limit.

Reducing acid consumption: Maximizing sulfuric acid alkylation unit profitability

Peterson, J. R., Rana, D., Ewing, R., DuPont Clean Technologies

Alkylation is a process used to produce highly branched isoparaffins from the reaction of lighter olefins and isobutane in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst.

Converting a petroleum diesel refinery for renewable diesel

Chan, E., Burns & McDonnell

As refiners consider renewable, low-carbon alternatives, renewable diesel—refined from agricultural products using petroleum refinery processes—is gaining traction.

Industry Perspectives

Nichols, Lee, Hydrocarbon Processing Staff

The hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) is steadily advancing through the energy transition.

Specifying internals in sour water strippers—Part 2

Sour water stripping is a common process in petroleum refineries and other processes where hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is present.

Best practices for pygas-based styrene extraction

Liu, Z., Joshi, S., Ma, H., Zhang, R., Sulzer GTC Technology

Pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) is a by-produced fraction of hydrocarbons generated from a steam cracker.

Fuels and chemicals: Finding the right refinery configuration for a less predictable world

Chaudhuri, S., Singh, R., Bechtel India

The refining industry links the upstream production of crude oil with the end markets for fuel products, as well as for the petrochemical/chemical industry.